7-Eleven Company Essay

The Opportunities: Like many others companies, 7-Eleven also has lot of opportunities. The opportunity in this company is fresh food provided. Every morning, fresh meal will be available at 7-Eleven store for people to take away and get a quick breakfast. (Paradise, 2014) Next, the appearance of freebies and discounts is also opportunity in this company. Discounts are gives depends on what its business partners offer. Sometimes when it comes to certain seasons, 7-Eleven will has it own attraction as it is giving out freebies to customer when they purchase certain amount. It is because the new trend is increasing among the customers that they like freebies and discounts. Even it is not what they need it or whether they want to use these freebies after, they still want to have it. (Paradise, 2014) Besides, the opportunity in this company is not many convenient stores open 24 hours a day and 7 days a week. Therefore, 7-Eleven is one of the store that people can stop by in the middle of the night only to g et whatever they need. (Paradise, 2014) COMPETITOR ANALYSIS: 99 Speedmart 7-Eleven KK Mart Number of outlets nationwide450 Outlets nationwide1,497 Outlets nationwide62 Outlets nationwide Operating hours10 a.m. – 10 p.m.24 Hours 24 Hours   Products availableGroceries & freshmartGroceries, fresh foods, ATM and photocopying services.Groceries, fresh foods, ATM and photocopying services. Benefits to customerTrolley providedPoints by business partnersNone Freebies and DiscountNoneFreebies based on seasons & Discount depends on business partnersNone 99 Speedmart is a rapid growing convenient store chain which was founded in 1987 by Mr. Lee Thiam Wah who is the director of the company itself. More than 450 outlets nationwide, 99 Speedmart keep expanding the business and  also struggling to be top in the market. 99 Speedmart also provides same product like 7-Eleven only without services like ATM machine and also bills payment. 99 Speedmart provides trolley services for its customers. (99 Speedmart, 2014) While another competitor is KK Mart which is under KK Group founded in year 2001, comes with the desire of becoming a household name throughout Malaysia and beyond the shores. Founded by Dato’ Dr Chai Kee Kan also known as KK Chai, KK Mart has over 62 outlets nationwide and keeps expanding. KK Mart also operates 24 hours everyday which make it a good competitor to 7-Eleven. (KK Group, 2014) From the table above, we can compare how good is each of the convenient store. 7-Eleven is considered as the best and stronger convenient store company in the market. 7-Eleven has the most outlets nationwide which makes it is the easiest to find by customers anywhere they are. Besides 7-Eleven operates 24 hours which in case of emergency it can be very useful to customers. Futhermore, 7-Eleven sells products and even services which make it has lot of variety to customers. Even when customers purchase products at 7-Eleven, they can get points when they are the member of 7-Eleven’s business partners. Lastly, 7-Eleven do provides discounts and freebies based on offerings and seasons. MARKETING MIX: †¢Marketing mix means focus on the product, pricing, placement, promotion, people, process and physical evidence. †¢Marketing strategies consist customer orientation, input, and accessibility in the struggle to the be the leader of the market. †¢After the business manage to find the key factor, analyzed the market, target segment and understanding the demands, every business or every company needs to come up with formula to accelerate the growth and progress of the company. †¢For which 7-Eleven uses 7P’s of marketing mix such as: – Product – Price – Place – Promotion – People – Process – Physical Evidence Product Strategies: Every day, products available only at 7-Eleven ® bring millions of loyal customers through franchisees’ doors. A leader in bringing fresh items into the convenience space, 7-Eleven delivers fresh sandwiches, salads, fruits and pastries daily. 7-Eleven also has a full line of 7-Select ® private label products, which offer customers food items they love at low everyday prices. And of course, no one can forget about 7-Eleven’s legendary, iconic products, like the Slurpee ® drink, Big Gulp ® drink and famous coffee. When buying products, 7-Eleven aims to be the first to have great new items, get the best products in the category, be the only retailer to carry certain products 7-Eleven has new item introductions weekly, and continuously reinvests in product development. Vast Buying Power, Great Margins 7-Eleven buys for more than 6,700 stores in the U.S. alone. This buying power helps 7-Eleven negotiate favorable pricing and terms that let franchisees offer products to customers at great prices while retaining maximum profit margins. ( franchise.7-eleven.com,2014) Pricing Strategies: Convenient stores compete with each other in coffee price, fountain drinks price, and other private-owned products price. Prices for items that the stores buy from vendors are not significantly different. Due to it is the top company, 7-eleven prices its private label products relatively high compare to other convenient stores. In addition, the company has the potential to set high price for the items that other convenient stores do not carry. (klse.i3investor.2014) Placement Strategies: 7-Eleven pioneered the convenience store in 1927 at Southland Ice Company in Dallas, Texas. In 1954, the company opened a store outside of the state of Texas. 7-Eleven then expanded internationally when it opened stores in Mexico in 1971. In the same year, the company targeted England and Scotland as its first entry in European market. Three years later, 7-Eleven opened the first store in Japan. Then after years of growing its stores internationally, 7-Eleven international open its 25,000th store in 2006. In 2009, 7-Eleven has more than 35,000 stores in at least 18 countries worldwide, with its largest market in Japan, the United States, Canada, Philippines, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Thailand (businesstoday, 2014) Promotion Strategy: Recently, 7-Eleven started to add a bonus for everyone entering the 7-Eleven Day instant win game on the Slurpee website. After entering the instant win game, they will receive a code and website link to urchase $7.11 lawn tickets for concerts at select Live Nation venues across the country. In addition, 7-Eleven made collectible slurpee cups and slurpee straws featuring Domo & quot the fuzzy brown creature with a trademark enigmatic open-mouth expression that is taking 7-Eleven store by storm this fall & quot. 7-elevent also Domo-nized its food and beverages, such as the Big Bite and hot dog. Energy drink. CEO Rich Collins of Big Tent Entertainment, the marketing and licensing company for Domo, cmmented & quot because Domo has such a hugely devoted, cult-like following among kids, teens and young adults, we believe he’s a perfect match for 7-Eleven and its iconic Slurpee brand & quot (afrbiz.2014). People Strategy: People are an essential ingredient in service provision; recruiting and training the right staff is required to create a competitive advantage. Customers make judgments about service provision and delivery based on the people representing your organisation. This is because people are one of the few elements of the service that customers can see and interact with. The praise received by the volunteers (games makers) for the London 2012  Olympics and Paralympics demonstrates the powerful effect people can create during service delivery. Staff require appropriate interpersonal skills, aptititude, and service knowledge in order to deliver a quality service. In the UK many organisations apply for the â€Å"Investors in People† Accreditation to demonstrate that they train their staff to prescribed standards and best practices. http://www.learnmarketing.net/servicemarketingmix.htm Process Strategy: Because of the 7-Eleven franchise cost, many small business owners need to look for help with funding. Many companies don’t offer financing. Instead, they may recommend a company already familiar with its business practices to help you gain the financing you need to initiate your franchise application. This company does offer new franchise owners financing up to 65 percent. This financing covers only the initial franchise fee. As you complete your independent research, you’ll be able to determine if the 7-Eleven franchise cost is worth the risk. Meet with your personal financial adviser to see if you’re financially able to make this large of an investment. Once you start the application process, it doesn’t take long before your store will be up and running. In fact, the company says it can take less than 120 days to move through the nine-step application process. (business.answer.2014) Physical Evidence Strategy: Physical evidence is about where the service is being delivered from. It is particularly relevant to retailers operating out of shops. This element of the marketing mix will distinguish a company from its competitors. Physical evidence can be used to charge a premium price for a service and establish a positive experience. For example all hotels provide a bed to sleep on but one of the things affecting the price charged, is the condition of the room (physical evidence) holding the bed. Customers will make judgments about the organisation based on the physical evidence. For example if you walk into a restaurant you expect a clean and friendly environment, if the restaurant is smelly or dirty, customers are likely to walk out. This is before they have even received the service. http://www.learnmarketing.net/servicemarketingmix.htm CONCLUSION: Marketing strategies applied by 7-Eleven clearly gives the all the information that is necessary for the growth and development of a business The strategies that are implemented by 7-Eleven consist many basic essentials features like innovative ideas, market research, customers views, forecasting consumers demand, organizing and planning. In this modern world, the demand for goods such as groceries are increasing at an alarming rate because it is a daily needs products that customers will always buy and buy everyday. Most of the companies carry different types of marketing strategies in order to serve their customers in a more efficient and better ways than their competitors as they want their business to be stable in the market and can survive for such a long term. Reference Available at: http://www.7eleven.com.my/html/default.aspx?ID=2&PID=12 [Accessed 17 September2014]. Available at: http://www.99speedmart.com.my/history.htm [Accessed 17 September 2014]. Available at: http://kkgroup.my/KKGroup/ [Accessed 18 September 2014]. Available at: http://www.managementparadise.com/forums/principles-management-p-o-m/208076-swot-analysis-7-eleven.html [Accessed 20 September 2014]. Available at: http://franchise.7-eleven.com/franchise/product-strategy [Accessed 21September 2014] Available at: http://klse.i3investor.com/blogs/ipo/52090.jsp [Accessed 22 September 2014] Available at: http://businesstoday.intoday.in/story/london-business-school-case-study-on-7-eleven/1/194769.html [Accessed 22 September 2014] Available at: http://www.afrbiz.com.au/case-studies/7-eleven-revitalising-the-slurpee-brand/Page-6.html [Accessed 22 September 2014] Available at: http://business.answers.com/franchise/exploring-the-7-eleven-franchise-process [Accessed 22 September 2014]

Jonson and Donne’s Influence on the Cavalier Poets: A Critical Analysis Essay

Poetry is never divorced from the contexts within which the poet himself is necessarily part of. This is to say that poetry is a product of the poets’ political, economic, historical, cultural and intellectual contexts. Such being the case, one may say that it is through the aforementioned contexts that poetry captures the spirit of the times. The first half of the 17th Century witnessed both the flourishing of the English poetic tradition and science. Such flourishing however, did not come easily for the tension existing between different frameworks; metaphysical and scientific. See more: how to write a critical analysis outline This essay seeks to explicate Ben Jonson and John Donne’s similarities and differences and how they shaped the English poetic tradition as manifested in the works of their successors. Ben Jonson is considered as the earliest theoretician and practitioner of neoclassicism. Such an undertaking is made possible by Jonson’s attempt to fuse together classical themes like civility and public morality within the realm of critical realism which heavily characterized post-Medieval thought. This is to say that the value of Jonson’s work lies in its capacity to incorporate the traditions of the past with the rapidly changing world and the differing worldviews that emerged in the success of the scientific enterprise. Jonson’s neoclassicism makes itself manifest in his pursuance of the classical principle of the ethical and didactic function of poetry. In Jonson’s epigram called To My Mere English Censurer, he writes: â€Å"To thee my way in epigrams seems new/ When both it is the old way and the new†¦/Prithee believe still, and not judge so fast;/Thy faith is all the knowledge that thou hast†. The foregoing passage strengthens the claim that Jonson pursues the classical principle of the ethical and didactic function of poetry. Jonson’s emphasis on civility and public morality may be seen as an attempt on his part to save that which is good and valuable in itself in the past which, as he reckons, should be assimilated into the present. On the other hand, John Donne seems to be more interested in the individual rather than the public. Metaphysical poetry, as it figures in Donne’s works are more ‘personal, more private. As one may have observed in the development of Donne’s poetry, he is more concerned with the individual and the philosophical questions which preoccupy the individual as he finds himself shattered, torn between the seemingly collapsing grasp of Medieval thought and the seemingly promising future of scientific thinking. Such philosophical questions may vary among individuals but in the case of Donne, his concern seems to be the internal conflicts within an individual in his attempt to understand his relation to other human beings and more importantly, his relation to the Divine. That Donne is torn between Medieval thought and scientific thinking makes itself manifest when he writes in the Holy Sonnets (1-4): â€Å"Batter my heart, three person’d God; for, you/As yet but knocke, breathe, shine and seek to mend;/That I may rise, and stand, o’erthrow mee,’ and bend/Your force, to breake, blowe, burn and make me new. † Although Jonson and Donne differs significantly on the focus of their poetry, which are, the public or the individual, cavalry or metaphysical, both poets’ style and underlying theoretical commitments influenced the Cavalier of poets; their successors. Naturally enough, much of the influences of the Cavalier poets are derived from the master himself, that is, Jonson rather than Donne. In a real sense, the cavalier poets’ lyricist orientation in terms of their profundity is simpler than that of the Metaphysicals like Donne. Consider Robert Herrick’s To the Virgins, to Make Much of Time (1648). He writes: â€Å"Gather ye rosebuds while ye may, /Old time is still a-flying; /And this same flower that smiles today, /Tomorrow will be dying. There is, however, a certain fusion of both traditions (that is, the Cavalier and the Metaphysical) in the poems of other Cavalier poets; exhibiting the characteristics of both. In To Althea, From Prison, Richard Lovelace, a prominent cavalier poet writes: â€Å"Stone walls do not a prison make, /Nor iron bars a cage;†¦/If I have freedom in my love, and in my soul am free, /Angels alone that soar above/Enjoy such liberty. Although Lovelace’s opening lines talk about the usual object of affection of the cavalier poets, the quoted passage near the end of the poem (that is, ‘stone walls do not a prison make’) presents a kind of profundity which, for the most part, characterizes metaphysical poetry. In the final analysis, although there are certain differences in the poetry of Ben Jonson and John Donne as they represent two different poetic traditions, it is plausible to maintain that both poets, in their own right, opened new pathways for the flourishing of the English poetic tradition.

African American Influences On American Popular Music Cultural Studies Essay

African American Influences On American Popular Music Cultural Studies Essay These days, it’s not uncommon to hear the fusion of different styles of music. In fact, American music is more integrated than before and showcases different music from around the world. Melding different styles of music was popularly done as early as the twentieth century with the growth of American popular music. One style of music that had major influence on popular music was African American music. At the time, American popular music was burgeoning with different styles of music; each style was distinct in its own right with different rhythms, melodies, textures, and performance styles. From 1930 to 1970, popular music can be traced to black music of the nineteenth and twentieth century as evidenced by the metric organization, scales, instruments, and performing styles that originated from African music. By recapitulating the influences of African American music on popular music, the impact that black music has had on various musical genres is shown. African American musi c was brought by slaves to the Americas and later adapted to European styles. Later, African American music would incorporate highly syncopated music and the features of ragtime. These features set the stage for more music to be created, and in time many of the characteristics of black music were embedded into other musical genres. In particular, the 1930’s-1940’s Big Band era; 1930’s country music; 1950’s-1960’s rock, used observable components of African American music. The music was not only influenced by the musical structure of black music, but by the performing styles of musicians. To adopt many of the African-American features, many musicians of the time had to re-invent or improvise the old with something new. These components lead up to the merging of different styles with African-American music. For many people, jazz is pleasant and enjoyable. One of the reasons it is because there are so many different sounds that come together to form t his music. In the Big Band era of the 1930’s, jazz, or swing, had become popular and incorporated the African elements of syncopation and riffs. Riffs, rhythms, and syncopations are just a few characteristics of African American influence on virtually all music, and jazz music in particular took this influence to a different level. (Campbell 70). What changed was that previously, in the early nineteenth century, ragtime was essentially syncopated music but was more in accordance with marching and piano music. Jazz is highly improvisational, which give way to more sounds and changes in rhythm, melody, and texture. The structure and metric organization of the jazz band was also influenced by African American music. In no other musical genre can one find the â€Å"call and response â€Å"style of music that was originated from African American music, and many genres have since borrowed from this method. Many jazz bands used â€Å"call and response† between the players a nd their instruments. This made the music much livelier, adding to the energy created by the fast- paced flow of jazz that appeared in the twentieth century. Four-beat counts were used in jazz music characteristic of black music in the earlier part of the twentieth century. This was the main foundation for jazz which also used percussions found in ragtime and African drum dance.

Articles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Articles - Essay Example The penalties also apply to cases of full time employees only. Amount of cover may also vary across industries and penalties for non-compliance are lower than coverage costs. The policy therefore has strength of establishing minimum requirements for employer coverage but it lacks strong mechanisms for enforcement. It is however likely to promote employer coverage because of the legal environment and employers’ need for a positive image (Wojcik, 2013). The authors define managed care as a set of initiatives for organizing, managing, implementing, and evaluating care that targets a specific group. The care approach eliminates duplication of care initiatives and reduces cost of care. In addition, managed care focuses needs to ensure delivery of appropriate services at the right time. Changes in the legal and technological environment has however complicated the scope of care and led to development of managed care model. The model identifies possible interactions between factors to care provision and advocates for management so that all factors to care support each other. In addition, the model focuses on the patient and incorporates all stakeholders and environmental factors, and their potential influences on care delivery. The managed care and the model have the strength of focusing on the patients for efficient and effective care but face the challenge of complexity because of the numerous involved factors. It however offers an op portunity for improved care (Linsley and Morton,

Integration of the strategy components in achieving Broadway cafs goal Essay

Integration of the strategy components in achieving Broadway cafs goal - Essay Example This means that if the venture has a negative value of the returns or profitability, it is too risky or not profitable, and, the company should reconsider investing in the venture. Broadway Cafe has a rich history in the restaurant business. With modern technological development, the Business has to acquire a niche with the intent of competitively edging out its competitors in the business. IT strategies coupled with appropriate ethic codes would not only protect the older customer base but also introduce the new generation of internet accessible customers. The system also factors in the need to show employers that are not only IT compliant but also customer and environmental friendly. â€Å"Integration of the strategy components in achieving Broadway cafes goal† The Combined use of e-Business, employee ethics together with consumer confidence will provide synergy required in the management and daily operation of the Broadway cafe. This synergy provides a simplified and summar ized vision of the business. With the ventures primary customer base being the MSU students, (an IT compliant public) an e-Business would be more attractive to them. Broadway Cafe expects to acquire a facebook and twitter account as well as other social media sites to seek membership from this population as a way of expanding its customer base. This membership would raise home deliveries, online booking, gift vouchers, and other niceties to pull them. With the additional setting up of a website, it would be simple to reach more customers through advertisements. A broadband service would also be available to ensure that customers comprise time to enjoy their meals plus a moment to surf the Internet. This strategy aims at attracting and retaining clientele that are time conscious, Internet responsive, and also the holidaymakers who prefer their orders delivered to their localities (Amor 207). Eco-friendly clients would also have the opportunity to meet e-tickets and receipts while the business would cut down the costs of purchasing pare receipts. The development of updated customer friendly employee ethics would be manifest. This will ensure that the employees have not only real working conditions but also customer ethics that can attract and retain customers. Most of the other competitors fail to initiate established employee ethics and this situational strategy hopes to capitalize on this tool as a sense of outplaying the other competitors in the business. Furthermore, customer security would equally become crucial. Customers are currently conscious about their safety especially within populated areas such as eateries and other social places. This is as the result of terrorist threats, cyber crimes, and social safety concerns. Broadway cafe hopes to initiate work ethics codes, consumer welfare and employee protection. With the introduction of the Biometric system, customers would be required to provide individual information. It is fundamental to ascertain tha t the management and utilization of such information would be achievable through careful process. The customers will recoup their biodata at will to build their dependence on the business. The Estimated Returns The business expects to source for money in order to achieve these strategies. The financing classification that is most suitable incorporates loans. The company has sourced for a web developer and a forensic officer who are to start work quickly and continue through by the end of the coming week. The estimated costs amount to $ 5,000,

Malcolm X Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Malcolm X - Essay Example A. Emotional/mental trauma The film portrays the emotional/mental trauma felt by Malcolm "Detroit Red" Little (later known as Malcolm X) in his personal life. One can easily identify that the grass root level reason behind his earlier life as criminal was the problems in his personal life. One can see that untimely death of his father affected his development as a child. Besides, his mother’s status as a single parent eventually led to metal illness and its after-effects. So, emotional/mental trauma felt by Malcolm is the integral part of the film. B. Crime Crime is not the main theme of the film because the film aims to unveil Malcolm’s transformation from a criminal to a religious reformer and a leader. But Malcolm’s earlier life was interconnected with crime and incarceration. So, the director did not neglect Malcolm’s earlier life as a criminal. Reynolds points out that â€Å"The film moves back and forth in time, showing how the brutality affecting M alcolm’s family history is internalized through his transformation into â€Å"Red† the gangster† (64). To be specific, economic problems forced him to lead the life of a criminal. For instance, in the film, Malcolm and his friend conducted a robbery, which ultimately led them towards incarceration. C. Racism The director makes use of an indirect way to introduce the theme of racism in the film. Malcolm’s life in the prison, especially his friend’s influence, is significant in educating him on racism. But Baines (Malcolm’s friend) utilizes the chance to attract him towards Islamic faith, not to fight against racism and related issues. In the end, Malcolm was ready to change his views on racism because religious conversion did not help him to solve his problems. D. Religious perspective Malcolm’s transformation from a criminal to a religious leader did not help him much to reform his community. To be specific, his transformation as the m ember of the Nation of Islam and the follower of Elijah Muhammad limited his scope as a social reformer. For instance, his views on racism were influenced by Islamic ideology. In the film, his increased influence among the members of the Nation of Islam forced Elijah Muhammad to turn against him in the end. Character sketches Malcolm X, Betty X, Baines and Elijah Muhammad are the most important characters in the film. A. Malcolm X (Denzel Washington): Malcolm X is the protagonist of the film and almost all the characters revolve around this character. Besides, the protagonist’s transformation from a criminal to a religious/ social reformer is the most important factor behind the development of the plot. Lee provides ample importance to the character of Malcolm because this character represents the historical development of religious/ social reformation in the mainstream society. B. Betty X (Angela Bassett  ) In the film, Betty X is Malcolm X’s wife. But she does not have any particular influence upon her husband. Her role in the film is overshadowed by Malcolm’s character. From a different angle of view, Malcolm’s wife is entrapped within her domestic domain. Within this context, her role was to look after her children, not to influence her husband. In some situations, she acted the role of a medium for Malcolm to communicate with his followers. For instance, when he was in Mecca, he used his wife as a

HNC Electrical Engineering Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

HNC Electrical Engineering - Essay Example Fortescue, who introduced the method around 1918.....(1) However, it remained difficult to understand the three-phase system working under this concept, as any change in the voltage or current in any single phase could result in the corresponding changes in other two phases as well. Therefore, only two-phase alternating current was used in the power systems and it had 90-degree difference between the phases.(2n) Hence the two-phase power-generating concept was developed. However, we have evidence of using two-phase generators by connecting two single-phase ones, as early as 1890s........(2) In simpler terms, three-phase power system is the one that uses three different wires. One wire can be a neutral cable, which facilitates the system to use higher voltages while transmitting low voltages in domestic appliances. However, those machines that use high voltage allocations, the neutral cable requirement is not there as negligible loads are connected between the phases. In three phase power systems the power load is well distributed, as all the three wires have same magnitude of current with balance power load. Most of the countries have their own color-coding of the wires to distinguish the same in case of repairs. The three-phase power system is the widely used power in all industries, as it has balanced power load with uniform phase angle difference. However, the requirement of the household appliances and applications can be met with the single or two-phase systems as well. All electric motors are the fine example of three-phase power usage, as a three phase induction motor runs efficiently and has high starting torque with trouble-free design. The application of such motors can be found in fans, blowers, compressors etc. While these are medium and large size motors, application of very small three phase motors can be found in computer fans etc. The main advantage

Health Care Demand Scenario Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Health Care Demand Scenario - Essay Example It will specifically cater for the people who have attained that age and have bodily disabilities that are permanent. Their offering of these facilities will help them in improving the health standards even for the people who live below the poverty line. Medi-Insurance will cover for almost 80% of the total costs incurred in getting medical attention. The adjunct plan will be established by a private indemnity health company. This health scheme is designed to be used by only people who are over sixty five years and have been citizens of the nation for a period of more than ten years. The beneficiaries of this scheme must have been paying taxes for a period of not less than ten years. They must also be recipients of disability gains from the boards dealing with retirement or the community security boards. These benefits are delivered to patients experiencing terminal diseases that affect the kidney and other vital body organs (Colamery, 2003). The people suffering from physical disabi lities will continue receiving the benefits of Medi-Insurance even when they stop receiving benefits from their community boards. The customers of this service will find quality when they are provided with indemnity covers for their stay in hospitals. They will encounter quality medical cover for the medication they receive from these institutions (Matthews and Berman, 2011). The customers will receive services that are worth more than the total amount they have paid the authorities in taxes. The receivers of the service will also find quality in the clearance of their medical bills and their reception of expert medical attention. 2. Define the Demand The customers of this service will be the people who are aged sixty five years and above. They should be citizens of the nation for a period of at least ten years and must have been paying their dues to the relevant authorities. The beneficiaries of this program might also be old people who have disabilities in their physical condition s (Matthews and Berman, 2011). The beneficiaries must also be able to pay the minimum monthly premiums for the services they receive in future. The people who benefit from the scheme will be found in hospitals and the homes for the aged. This is because the scheme has a limitation on the minimum age of their beneficiaries. The plan will differ in terms of the medications they offer and the costs they charge. The plan will cover for the homeless people living on the streets even if they do not pay the premiums (Colamery, 2003). These costs will be catered for by well wishers and other sponsors. There are several consumer traits that will influence the demand for the service. The service will only be dispensed to people who have attained the minimum required age of sixty five years. It will only cover the citizens who have been paying their taxes for the last ten years they have been in the country (Moon, 2006). Citizens who are below this age will not be legible for enrolment in the program and will not receive its benefits. The people who cannot afford to pay the required monthly premiums will also enjoy the benefits of the scheme. Their consumers will not be highly sensitive to the prices they are charged for the services. This is because the scheme will be offering diverse benefits to different groups of people. The benefit’s one receives will correspond to the amount of his contributions towards the

Research methodology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Research methodology - Essay Example It will be argued in the following that this is the guiding thread for his critique of religion. His critique of religion, it will be argued is a critique of metaphysics. His aim in the critique is to refute the idea that history is marked by spiritual progress, and in turn, replace this with a progress defined by a 'class struggle', and in particular, the material relations surrounding the means of production. Thus, the relationship between his critique of religion and his political economy, is the replacement of spiritual progress with that of the class struggle. Concerning the issue of research methodology, the following analysis will pay careful attention to what is employed by Marx. His approach on this issue, includes textual interpretation. That is, he provides analysis of key texts like the philosopher, Georg Hegel. Second, his methodology in the following is historical interpretation. In particular, he focuses on economic history but also social history. â€Å"The German Id eology† is his most decisive criticism of religion. ... Thus, the reformation can be regarded as a change of consciousness that emancipates the individual consciousness from the determination of the consciousness by the church. In turn, this change of consciousness or of thinking, helps to shape and change history itself. By contrast, Marx outlines the material conditions which determine the social relations manifest in any given culture, and further, these material conditions are the cause of forms of consciousness. Consciousness in this sense, includes also the various forms of belief systems which religion consists of. He describes the ‘priority’ of material conditions against consciousness as a determinant for human behavior and of politics, therefore, in the following: â€Å"Men distinguish themselves by consciousness, by religion or anything else you like . . . they . . . distinguish themselves from animals as soon as they begin to produce their means of subsistence . . . by producing their means of subsistence men are indirectly producing their actual material life† [Marx, 1997: 341]. Marx's critique of Hegel is central to his critique of religion. It will therefore require some analysis to demonstrate Marx's 'materialistic' interpretation of history over and against Hegel's spiritual reading of history. Marx views Hegel's philosophy, along with religion, as essentially a â€Å"mystical† position [Marx, 1970, p. 27]. By ‘mystical’, it is implied in terms of an argument which is beyond the bounds of reason, and by ‘reason’, it is implied in the material or physical sense of the term. Or, it is implied in terms of something which can be verified empirically or through sense experience. In other words, and in keeping with what was said above, it can be said that the person which Hegel is describing is

National curriculum frameworks Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

National curriculum frameworks - Assignment Example The learning objectives of the literacy framework are â€Å"aligned to 12 strands to demonstrate progression in each strand† (p.171). One of the literacy framework learning objectives for pupils to speak and listen for a variety of purposes and in many contexts; and there are four strands under this objective that will demonstrate progression – (1) speaking, (2) listening and responding, (3) group discussion and interaction and (4) drama (p.171). The second learning objective of the primary national framework for literacy is to â€Å"read and write for a range of purposes on paper and on screen† (p. 171). The progression strands related to this objective are as follows: The learning objectives of the literacy framework are â€Å"aligned to 12 strands to demonstrate progression in each strand† (p.171). One of the literacy framework learning objectives for pupils to speak and listen for a variety of purposes and in many contexts; and there are four strands u nder this objective that will demonstrate progression – (1) speaking, (2) listening and responding, (3) group discussion and interaction and (4) drama (p.171). The second learning objective of the primary national framework for literacy is to â€Å"read and write for a range of purposes on paper and on screen† (p. 171). The progression strands related to this objective are as follows:†¢ â€Å"Word recognition: decoding (reading) and encoding (spelling)†Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ â€Å"Word structure and spelling†Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ â€Å"Understanding and interpreting texts†Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ â€Å"Engaging and responding to texts†Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ â€Å"Creating and shaping texts†Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ â€Å"Text structure and organization†Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ â€Å"Sentence structure and punctuation†The literacy framework demonstrates that literacy skills, particularly reading and writing, need to be applied in all subject areas; including numeracy. The Speaking and listening statutory requir ements are also present in the literacy framework.The numeracy framework was renewed as well in 2006 with improvements observable in simplified learning objectives and a broad overview of the primary phase mathematics curriculum. Unlike the literacy framework, the mathematics frameworks contain seven strands that demonstrate progression which is aligned to the learning objectives.  ... One of the literacy framework learning objectives for pupils to speak and listen for a variety of purposes and in many contexts; and there are four strands under this objective that will demonstrate progression – (1) speaking, (2) listening and responding, (3) group discussion and interaction and (4) drama (p.171). The second learning objective of the primary national framework for literacy is to â€Å"read and write for a range of purposes on paper and on screen† (p. 171). The progression strands related to this objective are as follows: â€Å"Word recognition : decoding (reading) and encoding (spelling)† â€Å"Word structure and spelling† â€Å"Understanding and interpreting texts† â€Å"Engaging and responding to texts† â€Å"Creating and shaping texts† â€Å"Text structure and organisation† â€Å"Sentence structure and punctuation† â€Å"Presentation† The literacy framework demonstrates that literacy skills, pa rticularly reading and writing, need to be applied in all subject areas; including numeracy. The Speaking and listening statutory requirements are also present in the literacy framework. The numeracy framework was renewed as well in 2006 with improvements observable in simplified learning objectives and a broad overview of the primary phase mathematics curriculum. Unlike the literacy framework, the mathematics frameworks contains seven strands that demonstrate progression which are aligned to the learning objectives. The seven strands of the mathematics framework is (1) using and applying mathematics, (2) counting and understanding number, (3) knowing and using number facts, (4) calculating, (5) understanding shape, (6) measuring, and (7) handling data (p. 172). Teaching programmes,

Examine the Characteristics of Mystical and Conversion Experiences Essay Example for Free

Examine the Characteristics of Mystical and Conversion Experiences Essay wo well-known categories of religious experience are Conversion and Mystical experiences. Throughout history there have been many reports of people having these religious experiences, and not all of the recipients are necessarily Christian in belief. Famous examples of conversion experiences include St Paul on the road to Damascus, and an example of a mystical experience could be the story of Theresa of Avila. Firstly I am going to look at the characteristics of mystical experiences, followed by an example of a mystical experience that I shall analyse before moving on to doing the same for conversion experiences. A philosopher called William James has designed a series of tests to see if a mystical experience conforms to a pattern that has arisen through the history of these experiences. William James said that the receiver of the religious experience should be passive, i.e. does not go out of his or her way to trigger the experience, it happens to them without their provoking it. The experience should be ineffable in that in the aftermath the receiver finds it very difficult to describe what had happened and how they had felt in normal communication, thirdly that there is a noetic quality to these experiences, meaning that some truth or great fact is revealed to the recipient of the experience. Finally the experience should be transient, this means that the actual experience should not take very long at all, perhaps a few hours, but afterwards it has a very long, if not lifelong impact on the person who had the experience. Mystical experiences often have an example of the defying of the laws of nature and physics, for example the hearing of voices or seeing of visions, or receiving of the wounds of Christ, the Stigmata, that came from nowhere and have no rational explanation. An example of a mystical experience, as I mentioned earlier, is the story of Theresa of Avila. Theresa was a Carmelite nun who had been raised as being deeply religious; when her mother died she turned to the Virgin Mary and became a nun. Throughout her life she was often seriously ill and during these bouts of illness she claimed to have experienced religious ecstasy, in which she saw a cherub repeatedly stabbing her in the stomach with a fiery spear, and where he stabbed her she felt bliss and pain equally. In one bout of sickness she lost the use of her legs for three years, and during this time she stopped praying until she was convinced by a priest to start again. Not long after she began praying again she experienced holy delights from God, which were moments when her senses were overwhelmed by the presence of God. Alongside this she experienced the levitation, meaning that she claimed to have had her body raised off of the ground by the Holy Spirit. The levitation is the main mystical experience of Theresa’s life; this is a very clear example of how the laws of nature are defied by the power of God. The experience is passive as she was ill in bed at the time, it wasn’t ineffable however as she could clearly explain what had happened, however the experiences of having her senses overwhelmed by the Holy Spirit that accompany the levitation certainly were ineffable. There was no great truth revealed directly but there is a lesson in her story. And that is that the Lord will watch over and take care of us when we are sick. It is hard to tell whether or not the experience was transient, as while the levitation took place over just a few minutes, we cannot know how deep an impact it had on Theresa, as she was already deeply religious, we cannot easily see how she changed as a person. Now we move onto conversion experiences, the most key characteristic of a conversion experience is that the recipient of the experience has a complete switch around of their religious beliefs, they are converted. This conversion stays in place for the rest of the experiencer’s life, the religious experience is transient. Conversion experiences can be either gradual or sudden, meaning that a person’s beliefs can change over time due to different stimuli or events, or they can change swiftly as a result of an undeniably holy action. An important fact to remember when discussing conversion experiences is that they can occur not just in regards to an individual’s religious beliefs, they can also impact on political and social ideals as well, and these kinds of conversions follow the same pattern as that of religious experiences. The example of a conversion experience I am going to talk about is the conversion of St Paul on the road to Damascus. Before his conversion Paul, or Saul as he was known, was a Pharisee who harshly persecuted the early Christians and was not in any way inclined to believe in the teachings of Jesus. One day Paul was riding down the road to Damascus, as he drew near to the city a light shone down from heaven and Paul was cast down to the ground, then he heard a voice saying â€Å"Saul, Saul, why do you persecute me†? The voice identified itself as Jesus and instructed Paul to go to the city where he will be instructed further. The men accompanying Paul were amazed, as they had heard the voice, but had seen no man or any vision as Paul had. Paul opened his eyes, but found that he had been blinded, perhaps by the brilliant light, his men led him to the city and there he stayed, blind, not eating or drinking for three days. After the three days his sight returned, and he was convinced that he had seen the resurrected Christ. After the experience Paul could be found in the company of the disciples that were in Damascus, which shows a very large turn around in his ideals, because before the experience he would have arrested and persecuted those men. This story is a good example of a conversion experience as it shows a very big contrast in the subject before and after the experience, which is as I said previously, the main characteristic of a religious experience. To conclude the essay I would just like to summarise the characteristics of both mystical and conversion experiences, mystical experiences are most easily identified when evidence of supernatural even ts take place, such as the levitation, while conversion experiences are clearly shown in the change of the recipients religious or political ideals.

Human Existence Essay Example for Free

Human Existence Essay 1. The origins of the majority of human existence in North America began with migrations from Eurasia over the Bering Strait. 2. The first truly complex society in the Americas was that of the Olmec. 3. Cahokia was a large trading center located near what present-day city? St. Louis. 4. The agricultural practices of pre-Columbian tribes in the Northeast were characterized by a rapid exploitation of the land. 5. The preeminent European maritime power in the fifteenth century was Portugal. 6. Christopher Columbus  thought the world was much smaller than it was in reality. 7. Amerigo Vespucci  helped popularize the idea that the Americas were new continents. 8. What European explorer gave the Pacific Ocean its name? Ferdinand Magellan 9. Encomienda was  the right to exact tribute and labor from natives. 10. The first permanent Spanish settlement in what is now the United States was St. Augustine. 11. In what way did sixteenth-century Europeans benefit from trade between the Americas and Europe? A large number of new crops became available in Europe. 12. Which of the following was NOT introduced by Europeans to the New World?  Corn. 13. The portion of west Africa that provided the majority of slaves for the Spanish Empire of the sixteenth century had well-developed economies and political systems. 14. African and American Indian societies tended to be matrilineal, which means that people traced their heredity through their mothers. 15. In the fifteenth century, slavery in Africa  generally allowed certain legal protections to the enslaved. 16. The European countries that controlled the African slave trade did so in which chronological order, from earliest to latest? the Portuguese, the Dutch, the English 17. What condition in England in the sixteenth century provided an incentive for colonization? The availability of farmland was declining, while the population was growing. 18. In what way were Martin Luther and John Calvin important to English Puritans? Luther and Calvin advocated ideas of religious reform that influenced Puritan thought. 19. The teachings of John Calvin  produced a strong desire among his followers to lead lives that were virtuous. 20. The English Reformation resulted from  a political dispute between King Henry VIII and the Catholic Church. 21. The English concluded from their colonial experiences in Ireland that English colonists should maintain a rigid separation from the indigenous population.

Does Democracy Address Insecurity?

Does Democracy Address Insecurity? Democracy effectively addresses insecurity. Do you agree, why or why not? Democracy does, and does not effectively address insecurity, in some aspects it curbs it, in others it accelerates it. Consequently, this minor essay will examine avenues in which democracy addresses and fails to effectively address insecurity. It will conclude that despite the short-term pitfalls of transitioning to democracy, and the dangers of democratic governance without a strong institutional foundation with strong checks and balances, that it has the long-term potential to effectively address insecurity both within and outside a States borders. Regardless of whether established democracies provide stability, transitional democracies often create a large amount of instability, especially when converting from a more authoritarian political system, and generally experience their worst period of instability during this juncture.[1] A lack of unity and cohesion can cause greater domestic instability for a population within the short-term, aside from an increased likelihood of war with other States, during this period large scale ethnic cleansings may occur.[2] As democracies are traditionally linked with a primary ethnicity, a purge has a likelihood of occurring before a strong institutional democratic base can form, often against ethnic groups who refuse to assimilate with society, as well as individuals linked to previous political administrations. Ironically however, whilst democracy can create much greater instability for a state in the short-term, in the long-term this political system can potentially create very strong and politically stable governance for the State.[3] This can be demonstrated in the prominent military, economic and cultural role the United States plays in contemporary society today, despite engaging in the mass extermination of Native Americans only a century prior.[4] Democracies which do manage to establish themselves and overcome their shortcoming during the transition period can effectively address instability, both domestically and internationally, however there are severe limitations which can inadvertently result in greater instability also being formed if not implemented effectively. Theoretically capitalist States are very effective at addressing insecurity, domestically they can help alleviate income inequality among their poorer citizens, and internationally they help formulate economic interdependence between States.[5] Whilst bilateral trade is not always from an equal economic standing, with one side often more dependent on the other, such as in the case between China and Taiwan, when two States are of similar economic standing it can prove a great stabilising factor in preventing conflict.[6] This is evident in the lack of open conflict between the USA and China in decades.[7] As economies of this magnitude continue to intertwine, avoiding conflict and instability between them becomes increasingly in their interests. Other theoretic models, such as the Liberal Democratic Peace Theory argue further points where even greater stability can be gained under democratic governance, considering that there is a historic precedent of democratic states not going to war with one another.[8] However, there are also aspects of this theory which highlight how democracies can result in greater instability occurring internationally, as democratic states can ironically themselves create new wars in the process of spreading democracy throughout the world, trying to force it through non-peaceful means on States who are either unwilling or unprepared for such massive political change.[9] This results in a world of democratic states seeking perpetual peace through perpetual war, leaving the world itself in a constant state of instability.[10] Domestically democracies can provide other major avenues of stability for the State, one of the most prominent being the division of the Executive, Judiciary and Legislative branches of government into separate branches independent from one another.[11] The establishment such a comprehensive system of checks and balances can ensure the moderation of power of appointed officials and their political parties, and ensure that they operate within the law.[12] The effectiveness of such a process can be seen in U.S President Donald Trump, with his controversial executive orders on implementing travel bans for foreign individuals being blocked by the judicial branch of government because they were found to be unconstitutional.[13] However, the greatest strength and weaknesses of democracies in addressing insecurity lies within having an inclusive political process, with a sense of inclusion encouraging non-violent solutions to political issues.[14] An example of this can be seen in the Provisional Irish Republican Army, the main nationalist group involved in the troubles in Northern Ireland in the 20th century, who ceased their armed campaign in large part because of the political concessions provided to them in the 1995 Good Friday Agreement, which allowed them a platform to continue their struggle for independence through non-violent channels.[15] Consequently, the ability of democracy to promote change in the government and political system without having to resort to any form of political violence is one of the greatest stabilising factors which democracy can provide a State, so long as an inclusive attitude is maintained. However, whilst democracies are meant to promote inclusion, in certain States a tyranny of the majority culture exists, wherein no attempt is made by the ruling party to govern all their citizens equally and achieve national unity for its supports and detractors, who may be ideologically polarised based around ethnicity, religion, language or self-identity.[16] Such exclusion from the political process can enflame tensions between various groups within a State and result in these excluded groups emigrating, resulting in a depleted workforce, or in more extreme cases, developing a complete disenfranchisement with the political system, taking up arms against the State and plunging it into further instability.[17] Henceforth democracy possesses the potential to create stability within a States borders so long as strong institutional foundations are in place with comprehensive checks and balances and a healthy electoral system which promotes inclusion over alienation.   However, it is often not effective at addressing insecurity within other States borders when trying to spread its political model to states either unwilling or unprepared for political change through violent means. In States, which are transitioning to democracy, even if done so via peaceful means, short-term instability will likely occur within the State, however if they endure the process the potential long-term stability which the State can gain can prove timeless.

Comparing Ambiguity in The Turn of the Screw and The Innocents Essay

Ambiguity in The Turn of the Screw and The Innocents    How successfully does the black-and-white film version of The Turn of the Screw, The Innocents (Jack Clayton, 1961), render the ambiguity of James' original text?   Ambiguity, the art of deliberately creating something that can have more than one meaning, lends itself to the written word without difficulty. A written story can involve ambiguity in the characters, plot, narrative - every factor in the story can have to it a sense of uncertainty. However, uncertainty concerning ambiguity is subtly different from uncertainty involving vagueness; the former is a deliberate ploy by the writer to leave interpretation open to the reader's own imagination, whereas the latter comes about due to a lack of detail delivered on the part of the writer, probably due to lack of talent or attention.    With The Turn of the Screw, Henry James crafted an immensely complex and highly ambiguous book - there is nothing vague here; when Jack Clayton decided to make it into a film, he faced an upward struggle. Adapting a book for a film is always beset with difficulties - the written word has the ability to be far more subtle than the projected frame - but capturing the ambiguity of The Turn of the Screw would be immensely difficult. Words do not have to be precise in their meaning but a picture on a cinema screen is just a picture - there is little subtlety or uncertainty. A director has to employ imaginative techniques to make a viewer doubt what he is so evidently seeing. This was especially true in 1961, when The Innocents was produced, a time before sophisticated visual effects came into use.    Almost all of The Turn of the Screw is open to alternate interpretation ... ...e. As with many book-to-žlm adaptions, a desire to change the ending is the žlm's undoing.    In some respects the žlm captures the ambiguity of the original text extremely well - the existence of the ghosts and supporting characters, the involvement of the children - but the more subtle ambiguous parts of the book are lost in the žlm, which is too specižc in places, particularly the ending.    One point that should be taken into consideration is that this essay was written based upon a version of The Innocents that had been cropped to žt a television screen ratio, losing the original widescreen footage. Therefore it was impossible to fully appreciate the director's true vision; consequently, some claims (such as Grose rarely being in the same shot as the governess) may only stand when a third of the picture has been lost.

Platos Repubulic- Music, Art, Literature Essay -- essays research pap

In The Republic, Plato uses many different aspects in Books II, III, and X including: art, literature, and music. These aspects play a huge part in the building of the â€Å"ideal city†. Plato includes what can and cannot be used and what is good and what is bad for the city. While building the city, everything is broken down and analyzed by Plato. Art as an imitation of real things, three types of imitation, the types of literature, art, and music allowed and not allowed in the city, and the impact of art on the people of the city will all be analyzed in this paper. Books III and X contain information on art as an imitation of real things. â€Å"Imitation, we say, imitates human beings performing forced or voluntary actions, and, as a result of the action, supposing themselves to have done well or badly, and in all of this experiencing pain or enjoyment† (287). Plato also describes art as the imitation of real things as a copy of an object. A painter paints a picture of a couch. The couch in the painting looks the same as the couch that was used for the painting, but the couch in the picture is a copy of the original couch. Plato makes it seem that art imitates the objects and events of real life. Plato furthers his point by introducing his theory that a copy of a copy of an object is imitation. For example, carpenters build a bed which they did not originally event. The carpenter’s bed was built by the carpenter but it was based off another bed that was originally created by God. This makes the carpenter’s bed a copy of another bed. When a painter is painting he also creates a copy of an object. If he paints the carpenters bed, it is a copy of a copy of an object. Plato includes, â€Å"imitation is surely far from the truth, and, as it... ...s that the people are very important to Plato. If degrading artwork, stories, or poems enter the city it could make the people weak, unhappy, and very depressed. On the other hand, if positive artwork is introduced the whole mood of the city changes. They could be come strong, happy, and vivacious. Plato made sure that there was no literature or music that sad or discouraging in the city. As seen in Books II, III, and X, art, literature, and music played a large part in putting the ideal city together. The imitation of art had a large impact on everyone in the city, each type of music had to fit the personality or job of each person in the city, and the literature had to be watched closely so that the women, children, and even men were not distraught by it. While building the ideal city Plato had to make sure everything was perfect so that everyone was happy.

Fashion Branding Essay -- Social Identity, Clothes

Fashion Branding "Clothing is primarily a means of communicating, not personal identity, but social identity" as, said by Noesjirwan and Crawford (1982) who defines clothing as a ‘code’ (McCracken and Roth 1989) or symbolic representation. Clothing has been spoken by many theoriest in the past and they refer clothing as a code, a language, which allows a message to be created and (selectively) understood (Hollander, 1978; Holman, 1980; McCracken and Roth, 1989). Compliance towards a brand today showcases the social strata of the individual or the social group they belong to. "If I'm wearing a white T-shirt and sneakers, that label [Armani] will fill in the rest of the information about me. I want to give out the right impression", says a customer in a London shop selecting her tenth pair of Armani jeans (Financial Times, 1995). This statement by an individual showcases the importance of branding. Today if we talk in any industry branding is playing a vital role. International brand devel opment or entry technique is employed by creation of brand that is recognized as a social brand. Consumers’ perception today, among the young youth as said by Belk et al., (1981) is "consumption-based stereotypes", which means creating a perception about a persons wealth by what they own and not knowing the person. It could be termed as unanimous judgements about the person without actually knowing the person. This paper will look into the academic literature available in consumption pattern in fashion brands and would further elaborate in the entry techniques in developing or emerging nation. This paper would also highlight the importance of building brand equity and maintenance of the same. In a put shell this paper would deal with the relations... ...in focus of these brand managers is the short-term financial gain rather than long-term customer relation and profitability. Branding, unlike brand, is a clearly defined and established research area, still it lacks in conceptualisation similarities (Blumenthal, 2004; Bridson and Evans, 2004). de Chernatony and Dall’Olmo (1998) say the available branding literature has been failed in developing the boundaries and brand construct that would allow for methodological, epistemological, semantical and formal sets of criteria. de Chernatony and Dall’Olmo (1998) through their research study proposed a model which lays the foundation for brand theory, thus support in defining construct and boundaries of brand. In order to set boundaries of the construct of brand twelve themes were proposed by them which, in the branding literature, were categorized as vital propositions.

Guide for employers Essay

Eliminating would mean developing a zero tolerance anti-bully policy while the work environment is being structured to incorporate a sense of autonomy and individual challenge. The best way is to define specific duties and responsibilities of every employee working in the organization. This shall give one a good reference of what and what not to do as covered by the job description. People management practices of managers and work systems must be determined like staff shortages, poorly defined jobs, and lack of policies and procedures including leadership styles. A good and strong HR is but appropriate when there is a need for control of attitude and behavior like when the bullies are the managers. It is high time that HR shall have a distinct place in the organizational chart like organization reengineering that will really make them effective in responding to employee’s problems like sexual harassment, bullies, and workplace violence. However bullying is not always intentional. Workplace diversity also plays a minor role in it when people do not seem to realize that the effects on seemingly innocent gestures or words on others may be perceived negatively and may have a detrimental effect brought about by relative cultural differences. The organization then is encouraged to carefully design and implement an equal opportunity or diversity policies to initiate culture change and work ethics like what is and what is not an acceptable behavior. This will of course lessen counterproductive behaviors. Allow no idle time, see to it that each one is performing and completing their job on time. Preoccupation with the task on hand makes employees look and observe other people less. Idle times promotes chatting and looking at other people’s personal businesses. HR of course shall make use of productivity tools measurement like man-machine charts to make sure that employees used their time wisely but not overworked. The organization must promote team empowerment and group dynamics leadership to care for the values, interest and emotional responses of the members while taking care of the interests of the organization. Develop a code of ethics that everyone is able to understand and follow. HR needed to establish an independent contact with employees and secretly conduct attitude surveys especially on departments where there is high statistics of staff turnover. Eliminate trouble spots by holding awareness seminar and providing a kind of online hotline where employees may be able to tell their problems to HR direct. It could be a tedious task reading emails and complaints but there is not much option better than open communication. Procedure must be developed in handling complaints regarding bullying. The easiest part is to make a blog as part of the company website and encourage employees to contribute. One can know if something is happening within the organization or not by the way they write. To manage stress, deep rooted problems even domestic ones, big organizations must be able to have a counselor (Tehrani 2001, p. 209) offline and online. If it is too expensive then the organization must be able to refer them to one that is not so expensive and that can closely work with HR. Domestic problems has greater tendency to get spilled out in workplaces. Stress and anxiety affects productivity and so employers must provide all the features that could eliminate such deficiency. Domestic violence is not just a private matter anymore because it could get spilled in the workplace anytime. Bullying breed bullying and violence breeds violence. Bully and violence complaints must be immediately responded, investigated and properly documented. This will also paved way to improving current anti-bully policy on hand. Since this is a problem of global dimension, there is a need to evaluate the violence prevention programs and refer any difficulties to an organization that specializes in the field. Employers must keep records of the bullying to help determine the reasons for the bully to be able to find relative solutions for it. The anti-bully policy must be made available in the company’s website along with the organization’s contact person for quick reference. Remember that one is dealing with the behavior and not with the person so it would be good to provide counseling and personal development programs too. References ACT Workcover 2004 Preventing workplace bullying: a guide for employers and employees ACT, Australia, pp. 4. Retrieved November 6, 2007 Website: http://www. workcover. act. gov. au/pdfs/guides_cop/Bullying_Guide-Final. pdf SHARP 2006 Workplace bullying: what everyone needs to know Department of Labor and Industries, Western Australia, pp. 1. Retrieved November 6, 2007 Website: http://www. lni. wa. gov/Safety/Research/Files/Bullying. pdf Tehrani, N. 2001 Building a culture of respect: managing bullying at work Taylor & Francis, London, pp. 209. The CMR Group 2006 Workplace bullying: what can you do? Retrieved November 6, 2007 Website: http://www. badbossology. com/i9763-c47

The Business Value of Information Systems. Case Study: Amazon.Com

THE BUSINESS VALUE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS circumstance STUDY AMAZON Isabel Maria Arroyo Moreno affair training technology Module BSc course counseling with HR Greenwich School of steering, University of Plymouth (London) resignation date 8th December 2011 raillery count 2. 776 Table of Contents executive director Summary4 The rail line think of of reading placements5 foundation5 line of intersection points look on of learning5 commercial estimateprise selective discipline caution done teaching Systems6 The Value of info Systems6 guest affinity Management (CRM) Systems6 go-ahead choice Planning (ERP) Systems7 total range of a function Management (SCM) Systems8 Information Systems and the Changing subscriber line environs8 virago. com Information Systems10 Introduction10 virago. coms Information Systems Value10 viragos node Relations Management (CRM) remains11 CRM System demarcation Value11 viragos Enterprise Resource Management (ERP) System Value 13 amazon. coms Supply chemical string Management (SCM) arranging13 virago. coms SCM system Value13 amazon IS and the external changing environment . 5 finishing 16 ? Executive Summary transmission line entropy prudence requires the lend oneself of learning systems, which make feasible the conversion of data into recyclable randomness to be employ by termination makers in cheeks (Chaffey, 2004) The learning and further deployment of much(prenominal)(prenominal) systems requires makeups to make costly investments prior to know whether they be expiration to produce the desired bank line reformments.Therefore, delivering fourth dimension respect for money from teaching systems investments has be acclaim a very serious issue for many a(prenominal) an(prenominal) arrangements. There ar several examples in both the private and public firmament of dear(predicate) failures, but there argon fewer published faces of conquest (Ward, 2006) The exercise of the present wall report is to explain how added descent concern pass judgment emerges from the drill of teaching systems. The paper begins with a review of the connect belles-lettres and then, it takes a practical approach finished a case scan epitome which intends to set out the shelter of reading systems to a successful organisation much(prenominal)(prenominal) as virago.Therefore, the case study pull up stakes illustrate how different study systems adopt alterd virago to achieve a whole agonistical wages by change its food exchange techniques and the expertness of its diffusion take in a time in which the fast development of technologies call for come to redefine the commerce model deep down the sell constancy. Indeed, the exercise of Internet has changed the mode in which people acquire goods and military dishs, and present there is a strong parapraxis towards online shopping that is forcing retailers to go onto the Net if they hope to re main warlike.In this regards, amazon has been a pioneer in employ entropy systems to watch changes in the retail intentness environment, and in addition, it provides the perfect example of how a keep partnership chiffonier obtain value for money from learning system investments. ? The Business Value of Information Systems Introduction Business discipline caution is necessary to organisations in distinguish to support strategical decisions. Information adds value to organisations as it allows improving carrefours and profits, decrease line of reasoning cost and developing forward-looking innovations.Information systems argon procedured in guild to manage business information in such a agency that allows organisations to increase profitability, to mitigate harvest-feastivity and to conglomerate former(a) intangible benefits with the objective of achieving sustainable competitive advantage and bon ton success. In addition, the mathematical function of infor mation systems allow organisations to align to external changes in the business environment, differently they could non remain competitive. Business Value of InformationInformation management is essential to businesses in society to support practicable appendagees, organisational writ of execution, and strategic decisions affecting their position in the market place. According to Marchand (2000) information drive out create value for organisations by Adding value to products and dishs finished a transgress understanding of node characteristics and fills, as node activities ar monitored to develop competitive strategies. diminution cost and making business butt ones and operations to a greater extent expeditious, as information alters organisations to use fewer resources and to repair communication. Supporting organisational strategic decisions and helping with risk management assessment Enabling innovations and brand-new product and service developments (Chaffe y, 2004 Oestreich, 2010) Business Information Management through Information SystemsBusiness information management involves the use of information systems (IS) which, according to the UK academy for IS, are the means by which organisations and people, using information technologies resources, pull ahead, turn, store, use and disseminate information. (www. ukais. org Chaffey, 2004) Therefore, IS are computer based systems that collect, process and stores data, making possible its conversion into useful management information data exploit process- to be used by decision makers within organisations. (Davis & Olson, 1985 Lucas, 1990 McLeod, 1995 cited by Ramesh, 1997).The Value of Information Systems During the 1990s, there was a great line of descent about the sure value delivered by expensive organisational investments on IT and IS, as studies lay out out that there was weak correlation take onween IS investments and increased business performance (Solow, 1987 Brynjolfsoon , 1993 Strassman, 1997 cited by Dans, 2003 Chaffey, 2004) However, studies by Delone and McLean (1992, 2003) and by bring up (2009) demonstrated the importance of IS to the creation of business value and competitive advantage. jackstones, 2011) According to Jacks (2011) IS make organisations successful by any Increasing profitability gross gross revenue product, profits, ROI, rationalise be, market share increase. Increasing productivity business process outcomes, operative susceptibility, service performance Intangible benefits guest cheer and loyalty, industry performance, quality improvement. guest Relation wide-eyedcast Management (CRM) SystemsCRM systems are intended to name and sustain retentive-term business relationships with clients of an organisation. Organisations whitethorn increase their profitability if they bottom of the inning fulfil nodes and sell additional products to them. Research by Reicheld and Schefter (2000) showed that by retaining 5% more(prenominal)(prenominal) customers, online companies can increase their profits by 25% to 95%. (Chaffey, 2004) Consequently, CRM systems focus on the activities aimed to market products and services to customers in a more efficient way.By understanding customer characteristics and necessitate, organisations can elaborate tailored merchandising campaigns to acquire, retain, extend and select potential customers, which lastly will translate into increased sales and organisational profitability (Steinberg, 2006 Chaffey, 2004 Lee-Kelly, 2003) Table 4 market activities of CRM CRM marketing activitiesObjectiveInformation based marketing techniques client acquisitionGain new customersTailored marketing communication Customer keepingEncourage repeated buysPersonalized/tailored ommunications Customer extensionUp-sell (more expensive products) Cross-sell (additional products) Personalised/tailored communication Customer selectionIdentify the most responsive groups of customersData base analysis and exemplar Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems ERP systems coalesce all departments and functions crosswise an organisation, thereof eliminating IS isolation in departments such as finance, HR, marketing and the warehouse, and replacing them with a single system where all important information is affiliated unneurotic (Wailgum, 2008 Steinberg, 2006).ERP systems add value to organisations by Integrating customer assure information ERP systems integrate rank information, product encumbrance and invoices in one single system, change organisations to improve hunting lodge tracking, and to coordinate lineage and shipment among different locations simultaneously. Therefore, the order process speeds towering-speed through the organisational departments, and customers get their orders faster and with fewer mistakes. cut inventories ERP systems streamline the order utmost process and help with the address process, thus improving the decrease of the or ganisations proviso cosmic string. Wailgum, 2008 Steinberg, 2006) Supply train Management (SCM) Systems SCM systems coordinate all furnish activities of a company such as egress and distribution profits, logistic activities and chronicle management and these add value to an organisation by (Gabe, 2010 Chaffey, 2004) Increasing process efficiency SCM systems help to reduce the pass time of business processes and the resources inevitable to execute them, thus lessen costs per order. Reducing supply chains complexity SCM systems enable organisations to order today from suppliers, thus reducing the costs of distribution. better data integration within the supply chain SCM systems enable information sharing on product command between the organisation and its suppliers, which improves breed management efficiency through the use of VMI (vendor-managed inventory). The benefits include rock-bottom cost of paper processing and lower inventory retentions. Reducing costs SCM sys tems enables organisation to outsource authentic assets, to lower costs through expense competition and to offer burst service quality. (Steinberg, 2006 Chaffey, 2004) Information Systems and the Changing Business EnvironmentThe environmental influences on any organisation change rapidly, and therefore it is important to unceasingly monitor the current environment and to anticipate future trends through environmental see or sensing activities, in order to respond to changes accordingly. Organisations that either do not monitor environmental factors or do not respond to changes passablely may lose competitiveness or horizontal incur in failure. As example, IS managers need to constantly assess the relevance of new technologies and to monitor technology trends and innovations in order to remain competitive. (Chaffey, 2004). ? amazon Information SystemsIntroduction amazon is the biggest online retailer in world, although many consider that it is more a booster cable computer software developer or information systems company with a little pick, pack and ship service (Hof, 2003). This world-class retailer, which began doing business as an online bookseller in the mid 90s, has changed with the time and currently it offers its customers a wide variety of products such as electronics, clothes, beauty products, and so on. In addition, amazon operates as a service provider allowing opposite retailers to sell on its site and it also commercializes cloud terminal services and its own tablet post-PC gismo fire up-. Businessweek, 2003 Hof, 2003 Jenkinson, 2005) Therefore, amazon has become the Nets premier shopping destination in 2011, and data, information technology and information systems institute its most valuable assets. (Manjoo, 2011). viragos Information Systems Value Between 2001 and 2003, Amazon invested $300,000 into building new distribution centres and getting information systems software. However, experts hardly criticised the company assert that it would never rec all over the investment, (Gabe, 2010) and even monetary analysts such as Lehman and Brothers expressed concerns over its cash flow situation. Foley, 2000) Although it took Amazon long time to become profitable, additional revenues move once the company got enough customers and sales to pay off the initial IS investments, and their bet for information systems technology enabled the company to scale competitors such as Barnes and Nobles in the 90s and more recently Wal-Mart Stores Inc (Hof, 2003 Gabe, 2010). Amazon uses information systems to improve profitability faster and its current financial situation, strategic position, market share, and intangible benefits riposte evidence of that the companys IT and IS strategies worked as expected.According to Hottovys report (2011) Amazon doubled in size from 2008 to 2011 with $34 billion in net sales and its current revenue growth is windup to 40%. The company has a paygrade of $325 per share and generates r eturn on invested uppercase exceeding the 50% note that Amazon invests mainly in IT and IS technologies . Moreover, it has an active customer base of 137 million users that accounts for an annual growth rate of 20%.All in all, Amazon has one of the most seat of government efficient-models in e-commerce and its low cost operations, network effect and focus in customer service provide the company sustainable competitive advantage (Hottovy, 2011). Amazon uses ERP, SCM and CRM information systems. prophesier (ERP) built a multi-terabyte database for the company, bandage SCM software was acquired to lead costs and to improve cargo ships and logistics efficiency. In addition, Amazons CRM system intends to work up e-marketing efforts through the analysis of customers preferences and the readying of products for specific segments (Foley, 2000).Amazons Customer Relations Management (CRM) system Amazons CRM system uses the following applications to gather customer information A databa se of customers with personal, pen and transactional data which include their purchase collects and activities An order processing system that includes the testify of credit card information and is link to a address system A network-page system that takes customer information such as customer feedback, personal interests, regard list and product review records, and customises formats. automate communication ystems e-mail and message systems and order information systems that ensure personalised and applicable communication with customers (Hof, 2003 Jenkinson, 2005 Hottovy, 2011) CRM System Business Value Amazons CRM system creates business value through integrating customer sales, services and communication theory legally (Jenkinson, 2005 Manjoon, 2011) In order to detect patterns of consumer behaviour, customer information is analysed by data mining experts using statistical CRM and artificial intelligence (SAS) software fleck collaborative filtering technology mechanic ally analyzes past customer purchases.The analysis provides bear upon information that serves to elaborate profiles of customer item-by-item interests, which enables Amazon to send them tailored product recommendations in order to increase product sales (Foley, 2000 Hof, 2003 Jenkinson, 2005). In addition, CRM data mining activities also compare individual profiles to other customer profiles and bring them together into connatural groups. As result, the company has taken tralatitious campaign techniques and move into faster campaigns to purport different customer segments more effectively.Thus, Amazon has the ability either to launch broad campaigns to millions of customers, or more focused campaigns to a few thousands and tailored recommendations to individuals, callable to a better understanding of customer characteristics and needs (Foley, 2000 Hof, 2003). Summarizing, Amazons CRM system commix advertising, service and selling to acquire customers in order to encourage rep eated purchases through cross selling and up selling tailored marketing techniques. Jenkinson, 2005) As a result, Amazon has achieved high levels of customer inscription and loyalty. Research by Millward Brown (BrandZ study) showed that 54% of US buyers are loyal to the company, as compared with a 10% of the industry norm while a 67% of its orders are from repeated customers. Moreover, Amazon customers are more likely to buy at a higher rate than loyal customers across the syndicate, as 40% of Amazon customers are frequent users compared to an 8% of the average category (Jenkinson, 2005). ?Amazons Enterprise Resource Management (ERP) System Value prophesier is the ERP system used by Amazon and it consists of a multi-terabyte database that integrates all the information related to customer orders such as purchase history, product shipment and invoices, thus modify to streamline the order fulfilment process (Wailgum, 2008) Oracle automates the steps of this process by taking cust omer orders and process them into invoices, so when a customer comes online to buy a product the order system communicates straightway with the warehouse system to find the adequate distribution centre, while customers receive communications about their purchase status and delivery times (Bacheldor, 2004) The company recognises that without this system it would be very difficult to coordinate and control the flow of merchandise in their business operations (Bell, 2011). Such integration of information creates business value by allowing Amazon to speed faster the order fulfilment process, as well as to improve visibility of order tracking and to reduce distribution mistakes. In fact, the company has reduced its customer service contacts per order by 50% since 1999 delinquent to fewer distribution mistakes (Businessweek, 2003). Amazons Supply Chain Management (SCM) system Back in 2000, Amazon. om made expensive IS investments into building its high quality automated warehouses, and nowadays their supply chain is one of the most efficient and sophisticated in the world (Jenkinson, 2004 Businessweek, 2003, Gabe, 2010). A CRM system controls all supply chain activities of Amazon, such as transportation management, shipping activities and inventory planning, with the aim of reducing available costs and optimizing logistic operations (Gabe, 2010) Amazons SCM system Value In 2000, Amazons operational costs accounted for about a 15% of sales revenue because the process of picking and boxing different products was not very efficient. Employees had to enter data into the system manually and chutes holding pending orders were backed up when products did not arrive on time. (Businessweek, 2003)Nowadays, the implementation of a SCM system has enabled Amazon to reduce the cycle time and the resources needed to complete its operational processes, thus making them more efficient. The SCM system examines Amazons customer demand to identify items that are often purchased toge ther in order to place them at the front of the supply lines, thus modify to speed faster the process flow (Businessweek, 2003) The SCM system also allows to find where the items are physically located, so after receiving an order the system will send a picker where the product is shelved. In the case of multi-orders, the system generates optimised pick lists, finding the shortest possible route for picking the product. (Gilmour, 2003).As a result, Amazons operation costs fell down from 15% of get along sales revenue in 2000 to a 5% in 2003, and lower costs have enabled the company to offer more product discounts and free shipping in orders over $25 (Businessweek, 2003). Moreover, Amazons CRM system enables information sharing on product demand between the company and its suppliers, which improves inventory management efficiency. Amazons CRM system is linked to its suppliers IS in order to share information in real time about orders and shipment. Thus, Amazon can hold lower levels of inventory root in warehouses as it receives goods from its suppliers except when needed and accordingly to customer demand levels. Hof, 2003 Foley, 2000) convey to the CRM system, Amazon reduces costs by carrying only a 15 days worth of inventory while handed-down retailers must stock up to one hundred sixty days worth of inventory in their warehouses (Hof, 2003). In addition, information systems integration between suppliers and Amazon enables customers to buy goods directly from suppliers. The company forwards orders to its suppliers which get the product to customers directly therefore the complexity of the supply chain and costs of distribution get reduced. (Knowledge Wharton, 2009). Amazons IS and the changing external environment. Information systems have provided Amazon with competitive advantage since it as been able to adapt its business model better than its competitors to the changes that the retail industry has experienced during the past decade such as the shif t towards online shopping due to a more widespread use of Internet (Manjoo, 2011) Thus, Amazon forced handed-down retailers to go onto the Net in the 90s (Hof, 2003), while nowadays, it has the best record with new products -as they are constantly monitoring environmental changes- and their web services, cloud computing services and Kindle device are true innovations that have changed the rest of the industry (Manjoo, 2011) ? Conclusion This paper demonstrates the importance of information management and information systems to the creation of organisational business value and competitive advantage.According to Jacks, information systems contribute to organisational success by increasing profitability and productivity, and providing other intangible benefits such as customer loyalty. Subsequently, Amazons case study illustrates the perfect example of how an organisation obtains value for money of their information systems investments. The effective use of information systems has all owed the company to improve the efficiency of its distribution channels, to provide cost effective convenient products to its customers and to achieve the highest levels of customer retention and loyalty within the e-retail industry, which ultimately has helped Amazon to increase profitability and to achieve a solid financial position.In addition, information systems have provided the company with notorious competitive advantage over their competitors since it has been able to better adapt its business model to the changes that the retail industry has experienced during the past decade, such as the shift towards online shopping due to a more widespread use of Internet. ? REFERENCE LIST Books and journals 1. Bausch, P. (2003) Amazon Hacks cytosine Industrial-Strength Tips and Tools (1st Edition) ORelly. USA 2. 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Odyssey Illiad Devine Comedy Metamorphoses Aeneid

The illiad book 1 Who is the mightiness of the Achaens Who is the best warriar Where atomic number 18 they making war What was the reason for this war Who were the prices for achiles and Agamemnon (the girls) Who is chryses why was there a plague? Who is archilles mom what is she the immortal of and what regard doeshe ask of her Odyssey book one and 2 Who is Poseidon why is he mad at odyssey Who is hermes What is the favor genus Athene ask poseidon Where is odyssey trapped and by whom? Wha does her give hold still for How does Penelope trick the suitors into marrying him Why does Athena dress up as mentes and who is telemechasHow does Athena encourage telemachas and what journey does Telemachus go on Whaat does the two eagles think that zeus brings down Aeneid book1 Y is juno mad at aeneas (two reasons) what does juno do for revenge who is god of wind who is the pansy f carthage how does venus protect aeneas from juno book 1 bok 2 book 4 of metamorphoses what des metamorphos es mean wha does cupid do to Apollo, who does he fall in hump with and what does she transform into what does apoll do that represents he will be with her forever which character did juno sleep with and what was the character process into and for what reason?What did mercury do to argus and what? What was his diversity and who turn him into ir Difference between cartridge clippies twaddle and muses who won? Why were the perdies turned into mag pies. What were the mag pie stories about as well as the muses Who is Diana the goddess of The devine frivolity What r the three real msdanes travel through As dante climbs the hill towards the light wha kind of fleshly blocks it? What are the other two animals he encounters? Who is the ghostwrite that he encountersWhy does the ghost tell dante to come with him Where is dantes fatherland What is a canticle Whatsa stanza Why is it called a comedy( 3 reasons) Who translated dantes spring and year Who does dantes compare himself to? Wh o is Beatrice Dantes way with words whatdoes he compare himself to? The thousand and one nights. Who is the king of india Who is the king of shamarkand What is the vizier What is the reason for th eking of india to keep killing muliebrity How did the vizier protect his daughter from getting her .